Khamis, 7 Mac 2013

The Names and Attributes of The One, Allah..


Allah has described Himself in the Quran through His Names and Attributes. Muslims believe that studying these Names and Attributes is one of the most effective ways of strengthening one’s relationship with God. Each Name and Attribute nourishes a kind of consciousness and humility in man and their study leads one to constantly better their actions.

“The most beautiful names belong to Allah: so call on Him by them.” (Quran, 7:180)

Muslims are asked to call upon God during their supplications by the most appropriate names that relate to what they are asking for. For example, if one is seeking forgiveness from God for a sin they have committed, they would call upon Him by His name “Al-Ghaffar,” meaning “The Ever Forgiving.” If one is asking for peace and tranquility in their life while experiencing a period of tension, they would call on God by His name “As-Salaam,” meaning “The Ultimate Source of Peace.”

The table below captures an approximate translation of a selection of Allah’s names as found in the Quran. We have chosen to provide some commentary on His names relating to Mercy. However, each of the names listed could be the subject of its own article.

Names Relating to Mercy
The primary Names of Allah specifically dealing with Mercy are Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim. These two names frequently occur together in the Qur’an. They are both derived from the same root word rahmah which means mercy and also has elements of sympathy, kindness, gentleness, compassion and love intertwined with it. As with all the Names of Allah, these are Names of majesty and perfection. Allah therefore manifests these qualities to the most perfect level with His Creation. Ar-Rahman signifies a flood of mercy that covers us and is endless.
The mercy we see in this world which Allah has put among His Creation is just a hundredth of all His Mercy. Examples of mercy that we see in His creation includes the love a mother has for her child (human and otherwise), the eyes with which we are able to see, the food which we are provided to consume, the generosity and kindness we show to others.

Can we image what life would be like if these things, that we often take for granted, did not exist? When we realize that this is only a small portion of His Mercy, we learn to better appreciate (although we cannot comprehend) the extent of His Mercy. The other 99 parts are for the Day of Judgment and the Hereafter, when God provides shade for the believers, makes their accounting easy, and admits them to Paradise.

God’s Mercy comes before and prevails over His Anger. We take refuge in His Mercy from His Wrath.

“Say: O my servants who have acted extravagantly against their own souls, do not despair of the mercy of Allah; surely Allah forgives the faults altogether; surely He is the Forgiving the Merciful” (Quran, 39:53).

Allah’s name “Al-Ghaffar,” meaning “The Ever Forgiving,” is related to His Mercy. If one is sincere in asking for forgiveness from Allah, there is no sin that it too great for Him to forgive. When asking for forgiveness, a person would ask directly of God and there is no intermediary or religious cleric that would intervene. Islam has the principle that one has a direct relationship with God and one should learn to have dependence, faith and trust in Him for all their affairs.

The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is reported to have said that no man’s good deeds are alone enough to get him admitted into Paradise, but it is only by the Mercy of God that people will enter Paradise. Our deeds are a tool to get close to God to a place where we can be hopeful of His Mercy.
Some other Names of Allah that are related to His Mercy (with rough translations) are Al-Karim (the Generous), Al-Halim (the Forbearing), Al-Barr (the Generous), Al-Jawwad (the Bestower of Good), Ar-Rauf (the Kind) and Al-Wahhab (the Bestower).

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Transliteration
Translation (can vary based on context)
Qur’anic Usage
1
Ar-Rahman
The All Beneficent, The Most Merciful in Essence, The Compassionate, The Most Gracious
Beginning of every chapter except one, and in numerous other places
2
Ar-Rahim
The Most Merciful, The Most Merciful in Actions
Beginning of every chapter except one, and in numerous other places
3
Al-Malik
The King, The Sovereign, The True and Ultimate King
59:23, 20:114
4
Al-Quddus
The Most Holy, The Most Pure, The Most Perfect
59:23, 62:1
5
As-Salaam
The Peace and Blessing, The Source of Peace and Safety, The Most Perfect
59:23
6
Al-Mu’min
The Guarantor, The Self Affirming, The Granter of Security, The Affirmer of Truth
59:23
7
Al-Muhaymin
The Guardian, The Preserver, The Overseeing Protector
59:23
8
Al-Aziz
The Almighty, The Self Sufficient, The Most Honorable
3:6, 4:158, 9:40, 48:7, 59:23
9
Al-Jabbar
The Powerful, The Irresistible, The Compeller, The Most Lofty, The Restorer/Improver of Affairs
59:23
10
Al-Mutakabbir
The Tremendous
59:23
11
Al-Khaliq
The Creator
6:102, 13:16, 39:62, 40:62, 59:24
12
Al-Bari’
The Rightful
59:24
13
Al-Musawwir
The Fashioner of Forms
59:24
14
Al-Ghaffar
The Ever Forgiving
20:82, 38:66, 39:5, 40:42, 71:10
15
Al-Qahhar
The All Compelling Subduer
13:16, 14:48, 38:65, 39:4, 40:16
16
Al-Wahhab
The Bestower
3:8, 38:9, 38:35
17
Ar-Razzaq
The Ever Providing
51:58
18
Al-Fattah
The Opener, The Victory Giver
34:26
19
Al-Alim
The All Knowing, The Omniscient
2:158, 3:92, 4:35, 24:41, 33:40
20
Al-Qabid
The Restrainer, The Straightener
2:245
21
Al-Basit
The Expander, The Munificent
2:245
22
Al-Khafid
The Abaser
95:5
23
Ar-Rafi‘e
The Exalter
58:11, 6:83
24
Al-Mu‘ezz
The Giver of Honour
3:26
25
Al-Mudhell
The Giver of Dishonour
3:26
26
As-Sami‘e
The All Hearing
2:127, 2:256, 8:17, 49:1
27
Al-Basir
The All Seeing
4:58, 17:1, 42:11, 42:27
28
Al-Hakam
The Judge, The Arbitrator
22:69
29
Al-`Adl
The Utterly Just
6:115
30
Al-Lateef
The Subtly Kind
6:103, 22:63, 31:16, 33:34
31
Al-Khabeer
The All Aware
6:18, 17:30, 49:13, 59:18
32
Al-Haleem
The Forbearing, The Indulgent
2:235, 17:44, 22:59, 35:41
33
Al-Azeem
The Magnificent, The Infinite
2:255, 42:4, 56:96
34
Al-Ghafoor
The All Forgiving
2:173, 8:69, 16:110, 41:32
35
Ash-Shakoor
The Grateful
35:30, 35:34, 42:23, 64:17
36
Al-Aliyy
The Sublimely Exalted
4:34, 31:30, 42:4, 42:51
37
Al-Kabeer
The Great
13:9, 22:62, 31:30
38
Al-Hafeez
The Preserver
11:57, 34:21, 42:6
39
Al-Muqeet
The Nourisher
4:85
40
Al-Hasib
The Reckoner
4:6, 4:86, 33:39
41
Al-Jaleel
The Majestic
55:27, 39:14, 7:143
42
Al-Karim
The Bountiful, The Generous
27:40, 82:6
43
Ar-Raqib
The Watchful
4:1, 5:117
44
Al-Mujib
The Responsive, The Answerer
11:61
45
Al-Wasse‘e
The Vast, The All Encompassing
2:268, 3:73, 5:54
46
Al-Hakeem
The Wise
31:27, 46:2, 57:1, 66:2
47
Al-Wadud
The Loving, The Kind One
11:90, 85:14
48
Al-Majeed
The All Glorious
11:73
49
Al-Ba’ith
The Raiser of The Dead
22:7
50
Ash-Shaheed
The Witness
4:166, 22:17, 41:53, 48:28
51
Al-Haqq
The Truth, The Real
6:62, 22:6, 23:116, 24:25
52
Al-Wakeel
The Trustee, The Dependable
3:173, 4:171, 28:28, 73:9
53
Al-Qawee
The Strong
22:40, 22:74, 42:19, 57:25
54
Al-Mateen
The Firm, The Steadfast
51:58
55
Al-Walee
The Protecting Friend, Patron and Helper
4:45, 7:196, 42:28, 45:19
56
Al-Hamid
The All Praiseworthy
14:8, 31:12, 31:26, 41:42
57
Al-Muhsi
The Accounter, The Numberer of All
72:28, 78:29, 82:10-12
58
Al-Mubdi’
The Producer, Originator, and Initiator of All
10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13
59
Al-Mu‘id
The Reinstater Who Brings Back All
10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13
60
Al-Muhyi
The Giver of Life
7:158, 15:23, 30:50, 57:2
61
Al-Mumit
The Bringer of Death, The Destroyer
3:156, 7:158, 15:23, 57:2
62
Al-Hayy
The Ever Living
2:255, 3:2, 25:58, 40:65
63
Al-Qayyum
The Self Subsisting Sustainer of All
2:255, 3:2, 20:111
64
Al-Wajid
The Perceiver, The Finder, The Unfailing
38:44
65
Al-Majid
The Illustrious, The Magnificent
85:15, 11:73,
66
Al-Wahid
The One, The Unique, Manifestation of Unity
2:163, 5:73, 9:31, 18:110
67
Al-Ahad
The One, the All Inclusive, The Indivisible
112:1
68
As-Samad
The Self Sufficient, The Impregnable,
The Eternally Besought of All, The Everlasting
112:2
69
Al-Qadir
The All Able
6:65, 36:81, 46:33, 75:40
70
Al-Muqtadir
The All Determiner, The Dominant
18:45, 54:42, 54:55
71
Al-Muqaddim
The Expediter, He Who Brings Forward
16:61, 17:34,
72
Al-Mu’akhir
The Delayer, He Who Puts Far Away
71:4
73
Al-Awwal
The First
57:3
74
Al-Akhir
The Last
57:3
75
Az-Zahir
The Manifest, The All Victorious
57:3
76
Al-Batin
The Hidden, The All Encompassing
57:3
77
Al-Waali
The Patron
13:11, 22:7
78
Al-Muta’ali
The Self Exalted
13:9
79
Al-Barr
The Most Kind and Righteous
52:28
80
At-Tawwab
The Ever Returning, Ever Relenting
2:128, 4:64, 49:12, 110:3
81
Al-Muntaqim
The Avenger
32:22, 43:41, 44:16
82
Al-‘Afuww
The Pardoner, The Effacer of Sins
4:99, 4:149, 22:60
83
Ar-Ra’uf
The Compassionate, The All Pitying
3:30, 9:117, 57:9, 59:10
84
Malik-al-Mulk
The Owner of All Sovereignty
3:26
85
Dhu-al-Jalaliwa-al-Ikram
The Lord of Majesty and Generosity
55:27, 55:78
86
Al-Muqsit
The Equitable, The Requiter
7:29, 3:18
87
Al-Jami‘e
The Gatherer, The Unifier
3:9
88
Al-Ghani
The All Rich, The Independent
3:97, 39:7, 47:38, 57:24
89
Al-Mughni
The Enricher, The Emancipator
9:28
90
Al-Mani’e
The Withholder, The Shielder, the Defender
67:21
91
Ad-Darr
The Distressor, The Harmer, The AfflictorThis attribute can only be found in hadith
6:17
92
An-Nafi‘e
The Propitious, The Benefactor
?
93
An-Nur
The Light
24:35
94
Al-Hadi
The Guide
25:31
95
Al-Badi
The Incomparable, The Originator
2:117, 6:101
96
Al-Baqi
The Ever Enduring and Immutable
??
97
Al-Warith
The Heir, The Inheritor of All
15:23
98
Ar-Rashid
The Guide, Infallible Teacher and Knower
2:256
99
As-Sabur
The Patient, The Timeless.
?

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